Next: Quotas to run KAPPA
Up: KAPPA Kernel Application Package
Previous: An Alphabetical Summary of KAPPA Commands

Classified KAPPA commands

KAPPA applications may be classified in terms of their functions as follows.

DATA IMPORT & EXPORT

Image generation and input

CREFRAME: Generates a test two-dimensional NDF from a selection of several types.
FITSDIN: Reads a FITS disc file composed of simple, group or table objects.
FITSHEAD: Lists the headers of FITS files.
FITSIMP: Imports FITS information into an NDF extension.
FITSIN: Reads a FITS tape composed of simple, group or table files.
MATHS: Evaluates mathematical expressions applied to NDF data structures.
TRANDAT: Converts free-format data into an NDF.

Preparation for output

FITSEDIT: Edits the FITS extension of an NDF.
FITSEXP: Exports NDF-extension information into an NDF FITS extension.
FITSMOD: Edits an NDF FITS extension via a text file or parameters.
FITSTEXT: Creates an NDF FITS extension from a text file.
FITSWRITE: Writes a new keyword to the FITS extension.

DATA DISPLAY

Detail enhancement

COLCOMP: Produces a colour composite image from 1, 2 or 3 individual NDFs.
HISTEQ: Performs an histogram equalisation on an NDF.
LAPLACE: Performs a Laplacian convolution as an edge detector in a two-dimensional NDF.
SHADOW: Enhances edges in a two-dimensional NDF using a shadow effect.
THRESH: Edits an NDF such that array values below and above two thresholds take constant values.

Device selection

GDNAMES: Shows which graphics devices are available.
GDSET: Selects a current graphics device.

Display control

CURSOR: Reports the co-ordinates of points selected using the cursor.
GDCLEAR: Clears a graphics device and purges its database entries.
GDSTATE: Shows the current status of a graphics device.

Graphics Database

PICBASE: Selects the BASE picture from the graphics database.
PICCUR: Uses a cursor to select the current picture.
PICDATA: Selects the last DATA picture from the graphics database.
PICDEF: Defines a new graphics-database FRAME picture or an array of FRAME pictures.
PICEMPTY: Finds the first empty FRAME picture in the graphics database.
PICENTIRE: Finds the first unobscured and unobscuring FRAME picture in the graphics database.
PICFRAME: Selects the last FRAME picture from the graphics database.
PICGRID: Creates an array of FRAME pictures.
PICIN: Finds the attributes of a picture interior to the current picture.
PICLABEL: Labels the current graphics-database picture.
PICLAST: Selects the last picture from the graphics database.
PICLIST: Lists the pictures in the graphics database for a device.
PICSEL: Selects a graphics-database picture by its label.
PICTRANS: Transforms co-ordinates between the current and BASE pictures.
PICVIS: Finds the first unobscured FRAME picture in the graphics database.
PICXY: Creates a new picture defined by co-ordinate bounds.

Lookup/Colour tables

LUTABLE: Manipulates an graphics device colour table.
LUTBGYRW: Loads the BGYRW lookup table.
LUTCOL: Loads the standard colour lookup table.
LUTCOLD: Loads the cold lookup table.
LUTCONT: Loads a lookup table to give the display the appearance of a contour plot.
LUTEDIT: Creates or edits an graphics device colour table.
LUTFC: Loads the standard false-colour lookup table.
LUTGREY: Loads the standard grey-scale lookup table.
LUTHEAT: Loads the heat lookup table.
LUTIKON: Loads the default Ikon lookup table.
LUTNEG: Loads the standard negative grey-scale lookup table.
LUTRAMPS: Loads the coloured-ramps lookup table.
LUTREAD: Loads an graphics device lookup table from an NDF.
LUTSAVE: Saves the current colour table of an graphics device in an NDF.
LUTSPEC: Loads a spectrum-like lookup table.
LUTVIEW: Draws a colour-table key.
LUTWARM: Loads the warm lookup table.
LUTZEBRA: Loads a pseudo-contour lookup table.

Output

ARDPLOT: Plots the boundaries of regions described in an ARD file over an existing picture.
CLINPLOT: Draws a spatial grid of line plots for an axis of a cube NDF.
CONTOUR: Contours a two-dimensional NDF.
DISPLAY: Displays a one- or two-dimensional NDF.
DRAWNORTH: Draws arrows parallel to the axes.
DRAWSIG: Draws ${\pm}n$ standard-deviation lines on a line plot.
ELPROF: Creates a radial or azimuthal profile of a two-dimensional image.
LINPLOT: Draws a line plot of the data values in a one-dimensional NDF.
LISTSHOW: Displays the positions stored in a positions list.
LOOK: Outputs the values of specified NDF pixels to the screen or a text file.
MLINPLOT: Draws a multi-line plot of the data values in a two-dimensional NDF.
OUTLINE: Draws the outline of a two-dimensional NDF.
SCATTER: Displays a scatter plot between data in two NDFs.
VECPLOT: Plots a two-dimensional vector map.

Palette

PALDEF: Loads the default palette to a colour table.
PALENTRY: Enters a colour into an graphics device's palette.
PALREAD: Fills the palette of a colour table from an NDF.
PALSAVE: Saves the current palette of a colour table to an NDF.

DATA MANIPULATION

Arithmetic

ADD: Adds two NDF data structures.
CADD: Adds a scalar to an NDF data structure.
CDIV: Divides an NDF by a scalar.
CMULT: Multiplies an NDF by a scalar.
CSUB: Subtracts a scalar from an NDF data structure.
CUMULVEC: Sums the values cumulatively in a one-dimensional NDF.
DIV: Divides one NDF data structure by another.
EXP10: Takes the base-10 exponential of each pixel of an NDF.
EXPE: Takes the exponential of each pixel of an NDF (base ).
EXPON: Takes the exponential (specified base) of each pixel of am NDF.
LOG10: Takes the base-10 logarithm of each pixel of an NDF.
LOGAR: Takes the logarithm of each pixel of an NDF (specified base).
LOGE: Takes the natural logarithm of each pixel of an NDF.
MAKESNR: Creates a signal-to-noise array from an NDF with Variance.
MATHS: Evaluates mathematical expressions applied to NDF data structures.
MULT: Multiplies two NDF data structures.
POW: Takes the specified power of each pixel of a data array.
SUB: Subtracts one NDF data structure from another.
TRIG: Performs a trigonometric transformation on an NDF.

Combination

CALPOL: Calculates polarisation parameters.
COLCOMP: Produces a colour composite image from 1, 2 or 3 individual NDFs.
INTERLEAVE: Forms a higher-resolution NDF by interleaving a set of NDFs.
KSTEST: Compares data sets using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test.
NORMALIZE: Normalises one NDF to a similar NDF by calculating a scale factor and zero difference.
WCSMOSAIC: Tiles a group of NDFs using World Co-ordinate System information.

Compression and expansion

CHANMAP: Creates a channel map from a cube NDF by compressing slices along a nominated axis
COLLAPSE: Reduces the number of axes in an NDF by collapsing it along a nominated axis.
COMPADD: Reduces the size of an NDF by adding values in rectangular boxes.
COMPAVE: Reduces the size of an NDF by averaging values in rectangular boxes.
COMPICK: Reduces the size of an NDF by picking equally spaced pixels.
INTERLEAVE: Forms a higher-resolution NDF by interleaving a set of NDFs.
NDFCOMPRESS: Compresses an NDF so that it occupies less disk space.
PIXDUPE: Expands an NDF by pixel duplication.
PLUCK: Plucks slices from an NDF at arbitrary positions.
REGRID: Uses an arbitrary mapping to regrid an NDF.
SQORST: Squashes or stretches an NDF.
WCSALIGN: Aligns a group of NDFs using WCS information.

Configuration change

CHAIN: Concatenates a series of vectorized NDFs.
FLIP: Reverses an NDF's pixels along a specified dimension.
MANIC: Converts all or part of an NDF from one dimensionality to another.
NDFCOPY: Copies an NDF (or NDF section) to a new location.
PERMAXES: Permutes the axes of an NDF.
PLUCK: Plucks slices from an NDF at arbitrary positions.
PROFILE: Creates a one-dimensional profile through an n-dimensional NDF.
REGRID: Uses an arbitrary mapping to regrid an NDF.
RESHAPE: Reshapes an NDF, treating its arrays as vectors.
ROTATE: Rotates a two-dimensional NDF about its centre through any angle.
SETBOUND: Sets new bounds for an NDF.
SLIDE: Shifts pixels in an NDF by a given amount along each axis.
WCSSLIDE: Applies a translational correction to the WCS in an NDF.

Filtering

BLOCK: Smooths a one- or two-dimensional image using a square or rectangular box filter.
CONVOLVE: Convolves a pair of one- or two-dimensional NDFs together.
FFCLEAN: Removes defects from a substantially flat one- or two-dimensional NDF.
FOURIER: Performs forward and inverse Fourier transforms of one- or two-dimensional NDFs.
GAUSMOOTH: Smooths a one- or two-dimensional image using a Gaussian filter.
LUCY: Performs a Richardson-Lucy deconvolution of a one- or two-dimensional array.
MEDIAN: Smooths a two-dimensional data array using a weighted median filter.
MEM2D: Performs a Maximum-Entropy deconvolution of a two-dimensional NDF.
ODDEVEN: Removes odd-even defects from a one-dimensional NDF.
WIENER: Applies a Wiener filter to a one- or two-dimensional array.

HDS components

ERASE: Erases an HDS object.
NATIVE: Converts an HDS object to native machine data representation.

NDF array components

NDFCOMPRESS: Compresses an NDF so that it occupies less disk space.
NDFCOPY: Copies an NDF (or NDF section) to a new location.
PERMAXES: Permutes the axes of an NDF.
QUALTOBAD: Assigns bad values to pixels with given qualities.
REMQUAL: Removes named qualities stored in an NDF QUALITY component.
SETBAD: Sets new bad-pixel flag values for an NDF.
SETBB: Sets a new value for the quality bad-bits mask of an NDF.
SETBOUND: Sets new bounds for an NDF.
SETQUAL: Assigns a specified quality to selected pixels within an NDF.
SETTYPE: Sets a new numeric type for the DATA and VARIANCE components of an NDF.
SETVAR: Sets new values for the VARIANCE component of an NDF data structure.
SHOWQUAL: Displays the named qualities stored in an NDF QUALITY component.

NDF axis components

AXCONV: Expands spaced axes in an NDF into the primitive form.
AXLABEL: Sets a new label value for an axis within an NDF data structure.
AXUNITS: Sets a new units value for an axis within an NDF data structure.
PERMAXES: Permutes the axes of an NDF.
SETAXIS: Sets values for an axis array component within an NDF data structure.
SETNORM: Sets a new value for one or all of an NDF's axis-normalisation flags.

NDF character components

SETLABEL: Sets a new label for an NDF data structure.
SETTITLE: Sets a new title for an NDF data structure.
SETUNITS: Sets a new units value for an NDF data structure.

NDF extensions

FITSEDIT: Edits the FITS extension of an NDF.
FITSEXIST: Inquires whether or not a keyword exists in a FITS extension.
FITSEXP: Exports NDF-extension information into an NDF FITS extension.
FITSLIST: Lists the FITS extension of an NDF.
FITSMOD: Edits an NDF FITS extension via a text file or parameters.
FITSTEXT: Creates an NDF FITS extension from a text file.
FITSVAL: Reports the value of a keyword in the FITS extension.
FITSWRITE: Writes a new keyword to the FITS extension.
SETEXT: Manipulates the contents of a specified NDF extension.
SETSKY: Stores WCS Information in an NDF.

NDF History

HISCOM: Adds commentary to the history of an NDF.
HISLIST: Lists NDF history records.
HISSET: Sets the NDF history update mode.

NDF Provenance

PROVADD: Stores provenance information in an NDF.
PROVMOD: Modifies provenance information for an NDF.
PROVREM: Removes selected provenance information from an NDF.
PROVSHOW: Displays provenance information for an NDF.

NDF World Co-ordinate Systems

PERMAXES: Permutes the axes of an NDF.
WCSADD: Creates a Mapping and optionally adds a new co-ordinate Frame into the WCS component of an NDF.
WCSALIGN: Aligns a group of NDFs using WCS information.
WCSATTRIB: Manages attribute values associated with the WCS component of an NDF.
WCSCOPY: Copies WCS information from one NDF to another.
WCSFRAME: Changes the current co-ordinate Frame in the WCS component of an NDF.
WCSMOSAIC: Tiles a group of NDFs using World Co-ordinate System information.
WCSREMOVE: Removes co-ordinate Frames from the WCS component of an NDF.
WCSSHOW: Examines the internal structure of a WCS description.
WCSSLIDE: Applies a translational correction to the WCS in an NDF.
WCSTRAN: Transforms a position from one NDF co-ordinate Frame to another.

Pixel editing and masking

ARDGEN: Creates a text file describing selected regions of an image.
ARDMASK: Uses an ARD file to set some pixels of an NDF to be bad.
ARDPLOT: Plots the boundaries of regions described in an ARD file over an existing picture.
CHPIX: Replaces the values of selected pixels in an NDF.
COPYBAD: Copies the bad-pixel mask from one NDF to another.
ERRCLIP: Removes pixels with large errors from an NDF.
FFCLEAN: Removes defects from a substantially flat one- or two-dimensional NDF.
FILLBAD: Removes regions of bad values from an NDF.
GLITCH: Replaces bad pixels in a two-dimensional image with the local median.
MFITTREND: Fits independent trends to data lines that are parallel to an axis.
NOMAGIC: Replaces all occurrences of magic-value pixels in an NDF array with a new value.
OUTSET: Sets pixels outside a specified circle in a two-dimensional NDF to a specified value.
PASTE: Pastes a series of NDFs upon each other.
RIFT: Adds a scalar to a section of an NDF data structure to correct rift-valley defects.
SEGMENT: Copies polygonal segments from one NDF to another.
SETMAGIC: Replaces all occurrences of a given value in an NDF array with the bad value.
SUBSTITUTE: Replaces all occurrences of a given value in an NDF array with another value.
THRESH: Edits an NDF such that array values below and above two thresholds take
ZAPLIN: Replaces regions in a two-dimensional NDF by bad values or by linear interpolation.

Polarimetry

CALPOL: Calculates polarisation parameters.

Resampling and transformations

PLUCK: Plucks slices from an NDF at arbitrary positions.
REGRID: Uses an arbitrary mapping to regrid an NDF.
WCSALIGN: Aligns a group of NDFs using WCS information.
WCSMOSAIC: Tiles a group of NDFs using World Co-ordinate System information.

Surface and vector fitting

FITSURFACE: Fits a polynomial surface to two-dimensional data array.
MAKESURFACE: Creates a two-dimensional NDF from the coefficients of a polynomial surface.
MFITTREND: Fits independent trends to data lines that are parallel to an axis.
SURFIT: Fits a polynomial or spline surface to a two-dimensional data array using blocking.

DATA ANALYSIS

Statistics

APERADD: Derives statistics of pixels within a specified aperture of an NDF.
HISTAT: Computes ordered statistics for an NDF's pixels using an histogram.
HISTOGRAM: Computes an histogram of an NDF's values.
MSTATS: Does cumulative statistics over a sequence of NDFs.
NUMB: Counts the number of elements of an NDF with values or absolute values above or below a threshold.
STATS: Computes simple statistics for an NDF's pixels.

Other

BEAMFIT: Fits beam features in a two-dimensional NDF.
CENTROID: Finds the centroids of star-like features in an NDF.
NORMALIZE: Normalises one NDF to a similar NDF by calculating a scale factor and zero-point difference.
PSF: Determines the parameters of a model star profile by fitting star images in a two-dimensional NDF.
SURFIT: Fits a polynomial or spline surface to a two-dimensional data array.

SCRIPTING TOOLS

CALC: Evaluates a mathematical expression.
PARGET: Obtains the value or values of an application parameter.

INQUIRIES & STATUS

GLOBALS: Displays the values of the KAPPA global parameters.
FITSEXIST: Inquires whether or not a keyword exists in a FITS extension.
FITSLIST: Lists the FITS extension of an NDF.
FITSVAL: Reports the value of a keyword in the FITS extension.
NDFTRACE: Displays the attributes of an NDF data structure.
NOGLOBALS: Resets the KAPPA global parameters.

MISCELLANEOUS

KAPHELP: Gives help about KAPPA.
LISTMAKE: Creates a catalogue holding a positions list.
KAPVERSION: Checks the version number of the installed package.

Next: Quotas to run KAPPA
Up: KAPPA Kernel Application Package
Previous: An Alphabetical Summary of KAPPA Commands